Physical Mechanisms

The transistors are responsible for the physical aspect of data storage devices. Most transistors can store the information only when the energy flows through them.  A component called  "gate" determines whether the transistor is in a state that represents a "0" or "1". Flash memory transistors have a second gate called "floating gate". This catches electrons to maintain the value of the transistor even when there is no current.

As most forms of storage, the storage units are the memories using binary digits. A transistor can store a "0" or "1" based on the electric charge presented in it. If an electron is presented in a door it is not conductive anymore and automatically  produces a "0".  A "1" occurs if there are no electrons, which makes the transistor conductive. When a number of transistors are grouped,  it is called block or sector. A number of these allows the computer to be complex data structures using simple binary digits.